eating meat

- is moral because people naturally eat meat for food
Animals in nature are either herbivores, carnivores or omnivores. Populations have to be controlled so that overpopulation does not occur. Animals eat other animals to survive and by this process the population of that species is controlled. The food web is a natural process in which other species are eaten and the balance in nature is controlled. Basically human beings are also omnivores, our digestive sistem is made to be omnivore. Therefore it is completely natural and moral to eat meat. A person can decide if to be a vegetarian or not but anyway it can eat meat anyday and be healthy.
In the end eating meat is a completely moral thing because our body is made to not have a problem with eating meat and it is natural that some species eat other to feed. Meat is a good source of protein and this substance is needed by the body and is not produced therefore even if you decide to be a vegetarian eating meat is moral, natural and healthy.

source of morality

Morality is something that has been taught to us ever since we were little by society and politics. Society is an immediate source of knowledge since our parents are the ones who raise us and they have been included into society by being moral human beings. They have been taught what to do and what not to do according to morality. When we are young the method of teaching is by experience, kids explore many things such as fighting with other kids or pranking them and we are told by teachers and parents that such things are inmoral and should not be done, also by grounding if something immoral has been done.
Little by little school introduces other moral issues such as violence and war being an immoral thing to do but under the necessary circumstances they are permited. In addition politics is what runs society and their social perspective is what shapes what is or not moral. Communism will have different moral values to nationalism. Politics have differences in ideology and therefore in morality, and this morality that has to do with political beliefs changes with time. For example before being a communist was immoral, the people who were communists were said to eat people and be horrible people, finally people today who are communists are far more respected. So both society and politics are the main source of morality because they are taught to us when we were little and it shapes our moral standards by educating us and being what controls society.

Math invented or discovered

Math was defininetly invented because math just like the alphabet is a series of symbols we call numbers that interact with certain laws that follow logic. Cuantities are found in nature but mathematical symbols will never be found, only patterns of numbers which like i said in the end are symbols invented by us to represent the relationships between cuantities in nature. Laws like physics all have to do with nature but they are physical laws, they are not found in numbers, they are expressed in them.

homework for monday16 may

b.  What do you understandd by George Orwell's observation, 'Who controls the past controls the future, who controls the present controls the past'?  To what extent do you think it is true?


This observation states what has and probably will continue to happen with the power upon history of people in power. When you can change or manipulate the history of a country can control the future because of its history controlling what will be done or happen with a country's actions after history, for example when a country has had a civil war its actions will be to try and create peace. however if you change the past and omit the war and make the country believe that its situation has always been of misery they will rise up into a war or violence. However, how do you manage to change the past to change the future? You control the present. If you are in power you control the written or recorded history and by being in power you can surely control what is written in those books or records in general, hereby a person can change the past by controlling the present.
This observation is very true since up until the present day that has been the case with history. The winners are the ones who write history most of the time and they will write it from their point of view sometimes even "bending" the truth which will change the event.

Mini TOK essay

Question: Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of reason as a Way of Knowing?

Reason is and has always been a basic part in every human being’s life. We are born without reason therefore people say that kids are very “pure”, and little by little we are taught reason to be able to know and learn things which lead us to “truth”. So reason gives us truth but certainly not always. Reason derives from sense perception but mostly it is society who teaches us what is or is not reasonable, what is “common sense” or “straight forward”, and through these terms we make true terms through reason, like math and money.

So reason is basically taught to us ever since we are born, but where does reason come from? What is reasonable or not comes from basic sense perception but only some of what is reasonable or not actually derives from what we feel, see, touch, hear or taste. Just as well as we know that a lemon is not sweet, if we are told that a person is like a lemon we deduce that he or she is not sweet. So how do these connections become “obvious” in our mind? The answer is Society. Society teaches us almost how to think; also called “assumption”. All in all society creates a “basis of thought” in which everyone understands and reasons in almost the same way. Some people may believe different things but it all has a “reasonable” side to it. For example racism is something considered ethically and humanely wrong for many, but for the people who are racists it makes “sense” and not just that, it has a “basis of thought” (one race is superior to the other because of physical or other reasons that are reasonable). In the end different people reason in different ways but they all reason under “common sense” for them.

How is reason “obvious” or straight forward, what is common sense? The term common sense best describes all the previous ideas. It is a general or common way to think and therefore mentally “sensing” something. This term is a very important idea for the two biggest examples of reason as a society created way to think. In education: math and in our daily lives: money. Math is a vital part of education and consequently of life too, in everything there are amounts and quantities of things and people gave symbols and names to these amounts, these in turn made an enormously significant part of our society up until today: money. Reason takes us to many terms which are “true” or obvious but many of these terms are not at all naturally reasonable: take money as an example, money is nothing at all, a piece of paper that makes some happy and some unhappy, it gives people anything they want physically and even hurts them emotionally. All in all money is a mental illusion with an enormous global power and essentially none of it is true, paper could never have such a great value.

In the end reason is something that we cannot live without since it is the basis of all that surrounds us. However if we look at reason from an outside perspective, examples such as racism, money and math show us how reason does not always give us truth in a natural point of view. 

Mini TOK essay outline

Question: Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of reason as a Way of Knowing.

Knowledge issue: to what extent does reason give us truth?

Main points:

-          Where does reason come from?

o   Sense perception

o   Society

-          Why is reason obvious?

o   “common sense”

o   “straight forward”

-          Truth from reason

o   Basis of education

o   Proof

Knowledge issues

1. Real life situation- a film on haunting.
Not a knowledge issue- what is the 6th sense?
Poor- does the paranormal exist?
Intermediate- should we belive paranormal claims
Good- how does reason affect our beliefs on paranormal claims?

2. Real life situation- a news report on a new swine flu
Not a knowledge issue- what do we mean by epidemic?
Poor- Is swine flu likely to kill millions?
Intermediate- why do we trust medicine?
Good- To what extent do emotions affect our trust on medicin?

3. Real life situation- an interview with Miss Anne
Not a knowledge issue- wearing jeans in school.
Poor- Do we trust Miss Anne in what she says?
Intermediate- How does Miss Anne know she is right in what she says?
Good- which ways of knowing make us obey Miss Anne and how?

TOK assignment language

Language is supposedly one of the things which makes humans superior to other animals or species... Language shapes many things in our world everyday, ever since we are born, up until the day we die. Our name has to do with us, it is who we are. We communicate in almost 100 per cent taught language, spanish, english, etc. We live, learn and almost everything has language in it... Even when we die we are given a tombstone with language in it which will forever be one of our biggest memories.
language is the set of symbols an sounds used for communication
Language has to do with how we fell and how we try to communicate this. It is VERY difficult to live on earth without language, language even adapts to needs such as nationality: different countries have different languages. Handicap: deaf and mute people have sign language which is an adaptation of written and spoken languages. Languages shapes very important things such as: feelings (when you are going to express these you can communicate them through words). Finally to take into account the importance of language…. Politics, which decide the way our countries and towns are run or are lead, has everything to do with language, countries come to agreements and evade wars through language….

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